Mustafa Kemal Ataturk - перевод на французский
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Mustafa Kemal Ataturk - перевод на французский

FOUNDING FATHER OF THE REPUBLIC OF TURKEY (1881-1938)
Mustafa Kemal; Kemal Attaturk; Mustafa Kamal Attaturk; Mustafa Kemal Ataturk; Mustapha Kemal Ataturk; Ataturk; Kemal Pasha, Mustafa; Mustafa Kemal Atatrk; Mustafa Kemel Ataturk; Mustapha Kemal Pasha; M. Kemal Ataturk; Mustafa Ataturk; Mustafa Kemal Pasha; Mustapha Kemal Atatürk; Attaturk; Kamal Ataturk; Mustafa Kemal Pascha; Gazi mustafa kemal; Kemal Atatürk; Gazi Mustafa Kemal Pasha; Ata Turk; Mustafa Kamal Ataturk; Mustafa Kemal Paşa; Kemal ataturk; Kemal atatürk; Mustafa Kemal Pasa; Mustapha Kemal Atatuerk; Atatuerk; Ataturk cicegi; Kemal Atatuerk; Mustafa Kemal Atatuerk; M. Kemal Atatürk; Kemal Ataturk; Kamâl Atatürk; Mustafa Kamâl Atatürk; Day of Remembrance of Ataturk; Great Atatürk; Atatürk; Kamal Atatürk; Mustafa Kemal Bey; Kemal Pasha; Law on Unification of Education; Moustafa Kémal pacha; Moustafa Kemal pacha; Moustafa Kémal; Moustafa Kemal; Moustafa Kémal Pacha; Moustafa Kemal Pacha; Ali Rıza oğlu Mustafa; Ali Riza oglu Mustafa; Mustapha khemal pasha; Ghazi Mustafa Kemal; Ghazi Mustafa Kemal Pasha; Gazi Mustafa Kemal Paşa; Gazi Mustafa Kemal
  • During the visit of King [[Alexander I of Yugoslavia]] in 1931
  • Kocacık]] ([[Kodžadžik]] in present-day [[North Macedonia]])
  • the new Turkish alphabet]] to the people of [[Kayseri]] on 20 September 1928
  • the Kastamonu speech]] in 1925
  • Atatürk with Ottoman military officers during the [[Battle of Gallipoli]], Çanakkale, 1915
  • İsmet Pasha]] (left)
  • Liberal Republican Party]] leader [[Fethi Okyar]] and his daughter in [[Yalova]], on 13 August 1930
  • Çankaya Presidential Residence]] in Ankara, on 16 July 1929
  • Istanbul House of Multiple Sciences]]<!--Use Istanbul here as the US State Department already began using Istanbul in place of Constantinople--> in 1930
  • Atatürk at the 1927 opening of the [[State Art and Sculpture Museum]]
  • A view from the state funeral of Atatürk, November 1938
  • In 1924, during his speech in [[Bursa]]
  • Atatürk in the days of the Mosul question, 1925
  • Atatürk at the opening of the Türkkuşu flight school in [[Etimesgut]] on 3 May 1935
  • Atatürk and [[Celâl Bayar]] visiting the Sümerbank Nazilli Cotton Factory, which was established as a part of the cotton-related industry
  • Atatürk at the opening ceremony of the [[Samsun]]-[[Çarşamba]] railroad (1928)
  • parliament]] after the 7th-year celebration meeting.
  • Atatürk inspects the Turkish troops on 18 June 1922
  • Atatürk observes the Turkish troops during the military exercise on 28 May 1936
  • Afghanistan]] in [[Ankara]], 1928. King Amānullāh attempted to emulate many of Atatürk's reforms in Afghanistan, but was overthrown.
  • Cevat Abbas (Gürer)]]
  • During a reception at the [[USSR]] Embassy in Ankara, on 7 November 1927
  • 259x259px
  • Atatürk is greeted by marines in [[Büyükada]] (14 July 1927)
  • Telegram sent by Atatürk after the local legislative assembly accepted his proposal for the [[Hatay State]]'s flag
  • Derna]], [[Tripolitania Vilayet]], 1912
  • Latife Uşakizâde]] during a trip to [[Bursa]], 1924
  • Statue of Atatürk in [[Ankara]]
  • Atatürk on the day of graduation from the War Academy in 1905
  • Picardie]] army manoeuvres in France, 28 September 1910
  • Atatürk memorial on [[Paseo de la Reforma]] in [[Mexico City]]
  • Honorary]] [[aide-de-camp]] of the Sultan
  • Atatürk in 1923, with members of the [[Mevlevi Order]], before its institutional expression became illegal and their [[dervish]] lodge was changed into the [[Mevlana Museum]]. The Mevlevi Order managed to transform itself into a non-political organization which still exists.
  • Voroshilov]], a vision of Atatürk's which was never achieved
  • Turkish History Institution]]. Atatürk is standing with [[Afet İnan]] (on his left) and [[Yusuf Akçura]] (first from the left).
  • Atatürk supported large-scale government subsidized industrial complexes, such as [[Sümerbank]], increasingly after the [[Great Depression]].
  • [[Associated Press]] news article about the admiration of women from different parts of the world for Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, ''the handsome leader'' of the Turkish Republic.
  • Atatürk and [[İsmet İnönü]] at Nazilli Cotton Factory (1937)
  • [[Anıtkabir]], the mausoleum of Atatürk in [[Ankara]], is visited by large crowds every year during national holidays such as Republic Day on October 29.
  • Shah]]'s visit to Turkey
  • tr}}'' dated 29 October 1915
  • This documentary film is about Atatürk and the modernization of the Turkish Republic.
  • A British cartoon of 1923 satirising Atatürk's rule in Turkey
  • museum]]

Mustafa Kemal Ataturk      
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk (1881-1938), founder and first president of the modern republic of Turkey

Определение

poinsettia
(poinsettias)
A poinsettia is a plant with groups of bright red or pink leaves that grows in Central and South America. Poinsettias are very popular in Britain and the United States, especially at Christmas.
N-COUNT

Википедия

Mustafa Kemal Atatürk

Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, or Mustafa Kemal Pasha until 1921, and Ghazi Mustafa Kemal from 1921 until 1934 (c. 1881 – 10 November 1938) was a Turkish field marshal, revolutionary statesman, author, and the founding father of the Republic of Turkey, serving as its first president from 1923 until his death in 1938. He undertook sweeping progressive reforms, which modernized Turkey into a secular, industrializing nation. Ideologically a secularist and nationalist, his policies and socio-political theories became known as Kemalism. Due to his military and political accomplishments, Atatürk is regarded as one of the most important political leaders of the 20th century.

Atatürk came to prominence for his role in securing the Ottoman Turkish victory at the Battle of Gallipoli (1915) during World War I. Following the defeat and dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, he led the Turkish National Movement, which resisted mainland Turkey's partition among the victorious Allied powers. Establishing a provisional government in the present-day Turkish capital Ankara (known in English at the time as Angora), he defeated the forces sent by the Allies, thus emerging victorious from what was later referred to as the Turkish War of Independence. He subsequently proceeded to abolish the decrepit Ottoman Empire and proclaimed the foundation of the Turkish Republic in its place.

As the president of the newly formed Turkish Republic, Atatürk initiated a rigorous program of political, economic, and cultural reforms with the ultimate aim of building a modern, progressive and secular nation-state. He made primary education free and compulsory, opening thousands of new schools all over the country. He also introduced the Latin-based Turkish alphabet, replacing the old Ottoman Turkish alphabet. Turkish women received equal civil and political rights during Atatürk's presidency. In particular, women were given voting rights in local elections by Act no. 1580 on 3 April 1930 and a few years later, in 1934, full universal suffrage.

His government carried out a policy of Turkification, trying to create a homogeneous, unified and above all secular nation under the Turkish banner. Under Atatürk, the minorities in Turkey were asked to speak Turkish in public, but also were allowed to maintain their own languages at the same time; non-Turkish toponyms and minorities were ordered to get a Turkish surname as per Turkish renditions. The Turkish Parliament granted him the surname Atatürk in 1934, which means "Father of the Turks", in recognition of the role he played in building the modern Turkish Republic. He died on 10 November 1938 at Dolmabahçe Palace in Istanbul, at the age of 57; he was succeeded as president by his long-time prime minister İsmet İnönü and was honored with a state funeral.

In 1981, the centennial of Atatürk's birth, his memory was honoured by the United Nations and UNESCO, which declared it The Atatürk Year in the World and adopted the Resolution on the Atatürk Centennial, describing him as "the leader of the first struggle given against colonialism and imperialism" and a "remarkable promoter of the sense of understanding between peoples and durable peace between the nations of the world and that he worked all his life for the development of harmony and cooperation between peoples without distinction". Atatürk was also credited for his peace in the world-oriented foreign policy and friendship with neighboring countries such as Iran, Yugoslavia, Iraq, and Greece, as well as the creation of the Balkan Pact that resisted the expansionist aggressions of Fascist Italy and the Tsarist Bulgaria.